Bahai9 - User contributions [en]

Lawh-i-'Times'

2004-10-27T08:10:15Z

65.248.8.226:

Read online at http://bahai-library.com/provisionals/tablet.times.html

Leiden no. [[lei:253|253]]

Lawh-i-'Times'

2004-10-27T08:09:04Z

65.248.8.226:

Read a provisional translation online at http://bahai-library.com/provisionals/tablet.times.html

Leiden no. [[lei:253|253]]

Lawh-i-'Times'

2004-10-27T08:08:06Z

65.248.8.226:

Read online at http://bahai-library.com/provisionals/tablet.times.htmlå

Leiden no. [[lei:253|253]]

Lawh man sa'ada ila 'llah

2004-10-27T08:06:31Z

65.248.8.226:

Read at [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:102|102]].

Leiden no. [[lei:163|163]]

Law

2004-10-27T08:05:40Z

65.248.8.226:

Lost property

2004-10-27T08:01:43Z

65.248.8.226:

==Procedures to be taken upon the finding of lost property==

"Question: What procedure should be followed on the discovery of lost property?

"Answer: If such property be found in the town, its discovery is to be announced once by the town crier. If the owner of the property is then found, it should be delivered up to him. Otherwise, the finder of the property should wait one year, and if, during this period, the owner cometh to light, the finder should receive from him the crier's fee and restore to him his property; only if the year should pass without the owner's being identified may the finder take possession of the property himself. If the value of the property is less than or equal to the crier's fee, the finder should wait a single day from the time of its discovery, at the end of which, if the owner hath not come to light, he may himself appropriate it; and in the case of property discovered in an uninhabited area, the finder should observe a three days' wait, on the passing of which period, if the identity of the owner remain unknown, he is free to take possession of his find."

:([[Bahá'u'lláh]], ''[[Kitáb-i-Aqdas]]'', Question and Answer, no. [[kaq:17|17]])

::Summarized by Shoghi Effendi at [[syn:IV.D.1.t|IV.D.1.t]] under "Miscellaneous Laws and Ordinances" as "The finding of lost property"

==A possible outline of the above==
# Discovery (of an item is greater in value than the town crier's fee) to be announced once by the town crier
## If the owner is found, deliver it to him.
## If the owner is not found, a year should elapse.
### If the owner appears, the property should be restored (after paying a crier's fee)
### If the owner does not appear, the finder can take possession of it.
# For an item of less or equal value to the town crier's fee (found in a habited area), the discoverer must wait one day (after announcing it to the village anyways?).
## If the owner does not come to light, the discoverer can possess it.
# For an item of less or equal value to the town crier's fee (found in an uninhabited area), the discoverer must wait three days (not taking possession of it).
## If the owner does not come to light, the discoverer can appropriate the property.

==A revenue for the village [[storehouse]]==

"The storehouse has seven revenues: ...all lost objects found whose owners cannot be traced...".

:(From a Tablet dated 4 October 1912 to an individual believer -translation from the Persian in the Economics compilation, sel. [http://bahai-library.com/unpubl.compilations/economics.html#9 9] (or see Redistribution of Wealth compilation no. [http://bahai-library.com/unpubl.compilations/redistribution.wealth.html#9 9]); an earlier translation can be found in "Foundations of World Unity" (Wilmette: Bahá'í Publishing Trust, 1972, pp. [[fwu:39|39]]-40).)

::''Question:'' If taken in conjunction with the quotation from the Kitáb-i-Aqdas above, will this revenue come as part of the town-crier's fee, or for those who do not wish to appropriate the possessions?

==Law not yet binding==

"[[syn:IV.D.1.t|IV.D.1.t]], The laws relating to the finding of lost property...are all designed for a future state of society. These matters are usually covered by the civil law of each country." (Universal House of Justice, http://bahai-library.com/?file=uhj_laws_not_binding.html )

==See also==
(See [[treasure trove disposition]] for disposition of goods found (manifestly) not belonging to anyone.)

Life planning

2004-10-27T07:57:49Z

65.248.8.226: /* One is to be flexible/responsive in plans */

==One should identify practical steps in each important area of life and make a plan to effect them==

"Ultimately, each individual must work out a pattern for living, according to his understanding of the Teachings and the dictates of his conscience. One should seek to identify practical steps in each important area of one's life and then make a plan to effect these, resolutely surmounting obstacles, which can breed a sense of frustration and paralysis."

:(On behalf of the Universal House of Justice, 4 September, 1994, at http://bahai-library.com/zamir/pattern.html (p. 1))

==One is to be flexible/responsive in plans==

"According to one's position in the life cycle, certain activities will naturally be accorded a higher priority at a given moment than others, as each season offers possibilities that must be seized."

:(On behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual, 4 September, 1994, at http://bahai-library.com/zamir/pattern.html (p. 1))

==See also==

[[Teaching Planning]] and [[priority-rank]]

Life planning

2004-10-27T07:57:27Z

65.248.8.226: /* One is to be flexible/responsive in plans */

==One should identify practical steps in each important area of life and make a plan to effect them==

"Ultimately, each individual must work out a pattern for living, according to his understanding of the Teachings and the dictates of his conscience. One should seek to identify practical steps in each important area of one's life and then make a plan to effect these, resolutely surmounting obstacles, which can breed a sense of frustration and paralysis."

:(On behalf of the Universal House of Justice, 4 September, 1994, at http://bahai-library.com/zamir/pattern.html (p. 1))

==One is to be flexible/responsive in plans==

"According to one's position in the life cycle, certain activities will naturally be accorded a higher priority at a given moment than others, as each season offers possibilities that must be seized."

(On behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual, 4 September, 1994, at http://bahai-library.com/zamir/pattern.html (p. 1)))

==See also==

[[Teaching Planning]] and [[priority-rank]]

Life planning

2004-10-27T07:56:46Z

65.248.8.226: /* One is to be flexible/responsive in plans */

==One should identify practical steps in each important area of life and make a plan to effect them==

"Ultimately, each individual must work out a pattern for living, according to his understanding of the Teachings and the dictates of his conscience. One should seek to identify practical steps in each important area of one's life and then make a plan to effect these, resolutely surmounting obstacles, which can breed a sense of frustration and paralysis."

:(On behalf of the Universal House of Justice, 4 September, 1994, at http://bahai-library.com/zamir/pattern.html (p. 1))

==One is to be flexible/responsive in plans==

"According to one's position in the life cycle, certain activities will naturally be accorded a higher priority at a given moment than others, as each season offers possibilities that must be seized."

(On behalf of the Universal House of Justice to an individual, ibid.)

==See also==

[[Teaching Planning]] and [[priority-rank]]

Laws

2004-10-27T07:55:20Z

65.248.8.226:

==Prescriptions==
*[[inheritance]]

==Prohibitions with penalties from society==
*[[murder]]
*[[theft]]
*[[adultery]]

==Jurisprudence==
* http://www.wilmetteinstitute.org/projects/bahaijurisprudence.rtf

Languages

2004-10-27T07:54:24Z

65.248.8.226:

*[[Arabic]]
*[[English]]
*[[Esperanto]]
*[[Hebrew]] (Ibrani)
*[[Persian]] (Farsi)
*[[Syriac]]

Language education

2004-10-27T07:53:13Z

65.248.8.226:

See Baha'i Education, no. [http://www.bahai-library.com/compilations/education.html#76 76] for a suggested method of foreign language instruction (multiple languages being taught at one time).

The following is an outline of the above:

*A. For the Native Tongue (Persian)
*#Write and orally name the letters separately (then test?). (children copy letter and repeat the name orally)
*#Write the letters connected (in words) (then test?) (until all letters are recognized).
*#Write sentences and explain meaning (children copy) (then test?)
*B. For Foreign Languages (Arabic) (Arabic to Persian/Target to Native)
*#Write foreign word (Arabic), explain meaning, then test children.
***a) Praise if someone correct
***b) If not correct, the teacher should write the correct translation under the word (children copy it).
*C. For Other Foreign Languages (Russian, French, Turkish/several languages) (Persian to Other/Native to Target)
*# Write (?) Persian (or Arabic?) word, then ask them to translate it into Russian/French/Turkish.
***a) If not correct, write the translation (children copy it)
*# Write sentences and test.
***a) If not correct, write the translation (children copy it?)

Krishna

2004-10-27T07:45:51Z

65.248.8.226:

See the compilation [[Buddha, Krishna, Zoroaster and Related Subjects]] at http://bahai-library.com/compilations/buddha.krishna.html

See also [http://wilmetteinstitute.org/projects/familytree.big.gif]

Krishna

2004-10-27T07:40:39Z

65.248.8.226:

See the compilation [[Buddha, Krishna, Zoroaster and Related Subjects]] at http://bahai-library.com/compilations/buddha.krishna.html

See also http://wilmetteinstitute.org/projects/familytree.big.gif

Kitáb-i-Íqán outlines

2004-10-27T07:31:49Z

65.248.8.226:

==Online Outlines==
*US NSA: [http://www.bahai-library.com/study/iqan.outline.html] (abbreviated [http://bahai-library.com/bsr/bsr03_1/314_fananapazir_iqan.htm#A1 here]) (sequential)
*Horace Holley: [http://www.bahai-library.com/study/iqan.holley.html] (sequential by theme)
*[http://bahai-library.com/resources/tablets-notes/index.html#ki] ([http://bahai-library.com/resources/tablets-notes/kitab-iqan/outline.html subpart] includes thematic summary of [[God Passes By]], p. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/gpb/gpball.html#139 139]) [http://bahai-library.com/bsr/bsr03_1/314_fananapazir_iqan.htm#A2 This] also includes the thematic summary but more subdivided and with page references)

==General Outline==

===Part I===
*I. Past Prophets (par. [[ki1p:1|1]]-[[ki1p:17|17]])
*II. Prophecies of past and related issues (starts from I. above under fulfillment of prophecies of Jesus in Muhammad) (par. [[ki1p:18|18]]-[[ki1p:101|101]])

===Part II===
*III. [[Implications of the Oneness of God|Oneness of God]] (including Progressive Revelation) (par. [[ki2p:102|102]]-[[ki2p:112|112]])
*IV. Stumbling blocks to recognizing the Báb (claims of finality, etc.) (par. [[ki2p:113|113]]-[[ki2p:198|198]], [[ki2p:283|283]]-[[ki2p:290|290]])
*V. Conditions of seeking such truth (par. [[ki2p:199|199]]-[[ki2p:218|218]])
*VI. Aspects of Manifestation to consider how the Báb fulfills (par. [[ki2p:219|219]]-[[ki2p:276|276]]), [[ki2p:281|281]]-[[ki2p:282|282]]
*VII. Appeal to people of the Bayán to recognize Bahá'u'lláh (par. [[ki2p:277|277]]-[[ki2p:280|280]]) (see VI and IV above for the text's subsequent return to prior themes)

==A Book Summary==

Though it is entirely impossible to summarize such a truly multi-dimensional book, the following is an attempt to piece together the major components of the apologia (as outlined above) into one strand.

The book begins from common religious ground with its (especially initial) audience (I-III) and then works to lead the seeker to accept the Báb (IV-VI) and even prepare to accept Bahá'u'lláh Himself (VII).

The book generally progresses from a discussion of the prior Prophets and reasons for Their rejection by the people (both historical events (I) and then in meaning of prophecies (II)) to summing up general statements on God and the nature of Revelation (III) which help prepare the way for addressing specific stumbling blocks people may have in recognizing the Báb (IV); there is a return to an appeal to overcome general barriers to seeking as covered in the first paragraph of the book (V); and then the reader is brought to consider exactly how the Báb fulfills the necessary criteria of a true Prophet; in the process it also leads its audience to progress to accepting Bahá'u'lláh Himself (VII).

Kitáb-i-Íqán

2004-10-27T07:26:19Z

65.248.8.226: /* Study Outlines */

Read online at http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/iqan

For the publicly editable wiki article, see [[WikiPedia:Kitáb-i-Íqán]]

Possible template for editing references here on the Íqán: http://bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/iqan/about.html

Leiden cross-reference: [[lei:29|29]]

==Summaries==

==Study Outline/Course==
* http://www.bci.org/bahaistudies/courses/Iqan/index.htm

==Study Outlines==
*[[Kitáb-i-Íqán outlines]]

==Study Questions==

* http://www.education.usbnc.org/a_themes/at_index.htm#%23study_guides [http://www.education.usbnc.org/a_themes/pdfs/Kitab-i-IqanStudyGuide.pdf PDF] (Study questions by theme and with a glossary at the end)
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=davoodi_questionnaire_iqan.html

==Aspects of the Íqán (technical)==
*[http://www.bahai-library.com/study/iqan.numbering.html Notes on paragraph numbering]
*[http://www.bahai-library.com/study/quran.iqan.html Qur'ánic Quoations from the Kitáb-i-Íqán]
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_iqan_outline.html
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=giachery_shoghi_effendi_recollections.html

Aspects of the Íqán (conceptual)
*http://home.wanadoo.nl/arjen.nandita/start/BESTANDEN/Nine%20purposes%20defined%20in%20the%20Kitab.htm ("9 purposes in the Kitáb-i-Íqán")
*http://bahai-library.com/bsr/bsr03_1/314_fananapazir_iqan.htm (The Station of the Kitáb-i-Íqán)
* http://bahai-library.com/essays/iqan.bible.html (toward unlocking Bible prophecy)
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_iqan_notes.html

==Discussed at==
*http://bahai-library.com/?file=bishop_kitab_iqan_introduction.html

==Writings encouraging its study==
* [http://www.bahai-library.com/zamir/sm/index.html?11] (see especially no. 2, 3, 4, 6); condensed version at [http://www.bahai-library.com/zamir/sm/index.html?9]

==By paragraph==

===Part I: (par. [[ki1p:1|1]]-101)===

*[[ki1p:7|7]]-[[ki1p:8|8]] -- See [[Noah]]

===Part II: (par. [[ki2p:102|102]]-290)===

*[[ki2p:107|107]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:090|90]]
*[[ki2p:109|109]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:090|90]]

* "Tablet of the True Seeker"
** http://wilmetteinstitute.org/projects/true.seeker.commentary.html (notes)

** By Paragraph
***[[ki2p:213|213]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]] (paragraphing differences--as 2 paragraphs in Gleanings)
***[[ki2p:214|214]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]] (paragraphing differences--as 2 paragraphs in Gleanings)
***[[ki2p:215|215]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]]
***[[ki2p:216|216]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]]
***[[ki2p:217|217]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]] (paragraphing differences--as 3 paragraphs in Gleanings)
***[[ki2p:218|218]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]]
***[[ki2p:219|219]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]]
*[[ki2p:246|246]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:247|247]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:249|249]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:250|250]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:251|251]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:252|252]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]

Kitáb-i-Íqán

2004-10-27T07:25:45Z

65.248.8.226:

Read online at http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/iqan

For the publicly editable wiki article, see [[WikiPedia:Kitáb-i-Íqán]]

Possible template for editing references here on the Íqán: http://bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/iqan/about.html

Leiden cross-reference: [[lei:29|29]]

==Summaries==

==Study Outline/Course==
* http://www.bci.org/bahaistudies/courses/Iqan/index.htm

==Study Outlines==
*[Kitáb-i-Íqán outlines]

==Study Questions==

* http://www.education.usbnc.org/a_themes/at_index.htm#%23study_guides [http://www.education.usbnc.org/a_themes/pdfs/Kitab-i-IqanStudyGuide.pdf PDF] (Study questions by theme and with a glossary at the end)
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=davoodi_questionnaire_iqan.html

==Aspects of the Íqán (technical)==
*[http://www.bahai-library.com/study/iqan.numbering.html Notes on paragraph numbering]
*[http://www.bahai-library.com/study/quran.iqan.html Qur'ánic Quoations from the Kitáb-i-Íqán]
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_iqan_outline.html
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=giachery_shoghi_effendi_recollections.html

Aspects of the Íqán (conceptual)
*http://home.wanadoo.nl/arjen.nandita/start/BESTANDEN/Nine%20purposes%20defined%20in%20the%20Kitab.htm ("9 purposes in the Kitáb-i-Íqán")
*http://bahai-library.com/bsr/bsr03_1/314_fananapazir_iqan.htm (The Station of the Kitáb-i-Íqán)
* http://bahai-library.com/essays/iqan.bible.html (toward unlocking Bible prophecy)
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_iqan_notes.html

==Discussed at==
*http://bahai-library.com/?file=bishop_kitab_iqan_introduction.html

==Writings encouraging its study==
* [http://www.bahai-library.com/zamir/sm/index.html?11] (see especially no. 2, 3, 4, 6); condensed version at [http://www.bahai-library.com/zamir/sm/index.html?9]

==By paragraph==

===Part I: (par. [[ki1p:1|1]]-101)===

*[[ki1p:7|7]]-[[ki1p:8|8]] -- See [[Noah]]

===Part II: (par. [[ki2p:102|102]]-290)===

*[[ki2p:107|107]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:090|90]]
*[[ki2p:109|109]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:090|90]]

* "Tablet of the True Seeker"
** http://wilmetteinstitute.org/projects/true.seeker.commentary.html (notes)

** By Paragraph
***[[ki2p:213|213]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]] (paragraphing differences--as 2 paragraphs in Gleanings)
***[[ki2p:214|214]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]] (paragraphing differences--as 2 paragraphs in Gleanings)
***[[ki2p:215|215]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]]
***[[ki2p:216|216]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]]
***[[ki2p:217|217]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]] (paragraphing differences--as 3 paragraphs in Gleanings)
***[[ki2p:218|218]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]]
***[[ki2p:219|219]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:125|125]]
*[[ki2p:246|246]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:247|247]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:249|249]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:250|250]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:251|251]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]
*[[ki2p:252|252]] - In [[Gleanings]], sec. [[gwbs:091|91]]

Kitáb-i-`Ahdí

2004-10-27T06:12:02Z

65.248.8.226:

#REDIRECT [[Kitáb-i-`Ahd]]

Kitáb-i-‘Ahd

2004-10-27T06:10:30Z

65.248.8.226:

Tablet available at http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html

==Overviews/Study Outlines==

See http://home.connection.com/~~watler/Bahaullah/Ahd.htm which is based off of the authoritative [[God Passes By]], pp. [http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/gpb/236-240.html#237 237]-[http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/gpb/236-240.html#240 240]

The items might be summarized even further as follows (a sequential and thematic outline since the sequence follows thematic groupings):
#Purpose of Unity/Exalting man’s character/station (par. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%201 1]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%204 4])
#Rulers/Non-political (par. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%205 5]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%207 7])
#Aghsán (including appointment of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá)/Afnán (par. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%208 8]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%2013 13])
#Recap for all? (par. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%2014 14])

==On the Need to read==

===Full understanding of "Book of My Covenant" called for (along with the Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Bahá and the Dispensation of Bahá'u'lláh)===

“He feels, indeed, that the time has come for the German believers to acquire a thorough knowledge as well as a full understanding of such important Tablets as Bahá’u’lláh’s “Book of My Covenant” and ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s Will and Testament, both of which constitute the very bedrock upon which the entire administrative system of the Faith has been raised and established. As to the “Dispensation of Bahá’u’lláh” it also constitutes an invaluable supplement to these afore-mentioned Tablets.”

:(On behalf of Shoghi Effendi, 10 January 1935, ''The [[Importance of Deepening Our Knowledge and Understanding of the Faith]]'', no. [http://bahai-library.com/compilations/deepening.html#123 123]))

[[Category:Outline]]

Kitáb-i-‘Ahd

2004-10-27T06:09:50Z

65.248.8.226:

Tablet available at http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html

==Overviews/Study Outlines==

See http://home.connection.com/~~watler/Bahaullah/Ahd.htm which is based off of the authoritative [[God Passes By]], pp. [http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/gpb/236-240.html#237 237]-[http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/gpb/236-240.html#240 240]

The items might be summarized even further as follows (a sequential and thematic outline since the sequence follows thematic groupings):
#Purpose of Unity/Exalting man’s character/station (par. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%201 1]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%204 4])
#Rulers/Non-political (par. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%205 5]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%207 7])
#Aghsán (including appointment of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá)/Afnán (par. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%208 8]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%2013 13])
#Recap for all? (par. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/tb/13.html#Paragraph%2014 14])

==On the Need to read==

===Full understanding of "Book of My Covenant" called for (along with the Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Bahá and the Dispensation of Bahá'u'lláh)

“He feels, indeed, that the time has come for the German believers to acquire a thorough knowledge as well as a full understanding of such important Tablets as Bahá’u’lláh’s “Book of My Covenant” and ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s Will and Testament, both of which constitute the very bedrock upon which the entire administrative system of the Faith has been raised and established. As to the “Dispensation of Bahá’u’lláh” it also constitutes an invaluable supplement to these afore-mentioned Tablets.”

:(On behalf of Shoghi Effendi, 10 January 1935, ''The [[Importance of Deepening Our Knowledge and Understanding of the Faith]]'', no. [http://bahai-library.com/compilations/deepening.html#123 123]))

[[Category:Outline]]

Kitáb-i-Asmá?

2004-10-27T06:06:06Z

65.248.8.226:

#REDIRECT [[Kitáb-i-Asmá]]

Kitáb-i-Asmá'

2004-10-27T06:05:24Z

65.248.8.226:

Read excerpts online at http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bab/swb/7/

==Scholarship articles==
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=taylor_novelty_badi_calendar.html
* http://bahai-library.com/unpubl.articles/bab.stockman.html

Kitáb-i-Aqdas

2004-10-27T05:33:27Z

65.248.8.226:

Read online at http://bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/. Read online in the original Arabic [http://reference.bahai.org/fa/t/b/KA/index.html here]

'''Read online with wiki commentary by verse''' (and an additional field for viewing the wiki Writings and which is linked to change if the notes within the text are clicked on): http://bahai-library.com/zamir/kawiki.html ; To view as individual pages, see [[Kitáb-i-Aqdas paragraph index]].

See also [[Synopsis and Codification of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas]].

For the publicly editable wiki article, see [[Wikipedia:Kitáb-i-Aqdas]]

==Important Notes==

Leiden cross-reference:
*[http://bahai-library.com/resources/leiden.list/leiden.list.html#27 no. 27]

See also: http://bahai-library.com/resources/1868-77.html

For more basic information than that on this page below, see http://www.bahai-library.com/resources/leiden.list/appendixes.html#3

For laws presently not binding in the West, see http://www.bahai-library.com/uhj/laws.aqdas.html (though see also http://bahai-library.com/uhj/aqdas.laws.html ).

==Study Outlines, Notes, etc.:==

*[http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_aqdas_questions.html Questions and Concordances] (the "concordances" might be more unambiguously termed "linked topical indices"; the work also includes [http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_aqdas_questions.html#8 cross-references to mentions in Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh] (and [http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_aqdas_questions.html#7 vice versa]) and [http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_aqdas_questions.html#9 cross-references between the paragraphs, notes, and questions within the Kitáb-i-Aqdas])
*[http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_aqdas_outline.html Tablet Notes] (includes info on relationship to other works)
*[http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_aqdas_style.html Notes on the Style of]
*[http://bahai-library.com/?file=bahaullah_kitab_aqdas_multilinear.html Multilinear translation project]
*[http://bahai-library.com/talks/aqdas.commentary.html Talk on by Mr. Faizi]

==On the Need to Read==

* See http://www.bahai-library.com/zamir/sm/?19 (click to expand sections IV.2.F and IV.2.G)

==Kitáb-i-Aqdas by Verse==

Below is a list of references, authoritative and nonauthoritative, which touch upon a verse or verses of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, Bahá'u'lláh's "Most Holy Book". Some of the references are as yet unlinked (feel free to help link them), and more references can be added (or separate discussion pages can be added for a given verse). These have been borrowed with permission from the page at [http://bahai-library.com/resources/leiden.list/appendixes.html#4], but changes are welcome.

At least the [[God Passes By]] (and possibly the other unlinked citations) must be checked/changed as they differ from the online, page/paragraph-linkable version.

=== Verses ===

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K1 K1] -[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K5 5]
Gleanings [[gwbs:155|CLV]] .

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K1 K1]
'the first duty'. [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K36 K36] explains one aspect. Discussed Taherzadeh, 'Covenant' 266. Commentary by `Abdu'l-Baha on verse 1 in SAQ 238. Jalil Mahmoudi "`Irfan" in World Order 7:4 (1973). Some philosophical meditations on the introductory verse of the Aqdas by Sen McGlinn at http://bahai-library.com/?file=mcglinn_aqdas_verse_one.html .

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K2 K2]
'the maintanance of order'. Taherzadeh, 'Covenant' 68 refers to a contextualization traditional in the Persian community. But hudud refers to prescribed punishments (such as amputation and stoning) rather than to laws. While the verse does address antinomianism, Taherzadeh's contextualisation may be overly precise.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K4 K4]
'From my laws', discussed Taherzadeh, 'Covenant' 24.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K5 K5] - See [[wine]].

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K6 K6]
obligatory prayers with nine rak'ahs. Regarding the dating and text of these prayers see TahRB4 299-300. Parallels in Arabic Bayan and in the Persian Bayan, Wahid V chapter 1.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K7 K7]
Gleanings [[gwbs:155|CLV]] .

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K8 K8]
the prayer for the dead. Parallel text in the Persian Bayan Wahid V, chapter 11.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K9 K9]
'Hair doth not invalidate'. Parallel in Persian Bayan (5:14).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K10 K10]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in NSA of the United States, The Baha'i Community: a summarization...", 1963.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K13 K13]
'God hath exempted'. Parallel text in the Persian Bayan, 5:17. Regarding the number 95, see vahid vi chapter 10.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K16 K16], [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K17 17]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in NSA of the United States, The Baha'i Community: a summarization...", 1963

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K16 K16]
(the fast): This law was included in the 1869 Second Tablet to Napoleon III (Taherzadeh, 'Revelation' vol. 3 115).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K20 K20] -[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K29 29]
(Inheritance). Commentary see Bahiyyih Nakhjavani "Exemption" in BSR 3.1 (1993), online at bahai-library.com/articles/exemption.html; Seena Fazel "Inheritance" BSR 4.1 (1994); Sen McGlinn "Some considerations relating to the inheritance laws of the Kitab-i-Aqdas" BSR 5.1 (1995) and online at bahai-library.com/articles/inheritance.BSR.html and bahai-library.com/articles/inheritance.arjmand.html; Linda and John Walbridge "Baha'i Laws on the Status of Men" in World Order 19:1-2 (1984); Various authors "A Question of Gender", thematic issue of Dialogue 1987; Martha Leach Schweitz "Of Webs and Ladders: Gender Equality in Baha'i Law" in World Order 27:1 (1995).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K30 K30]
(the House of Justice) translated by Shoghi Effendi in Baha'' Administration 21 and in The Baha'i World vol.1 42, vol.2 61-2, with significant differences. The [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K30 K30] translation used in the 1992 edition follows that in GPB 326-327. Discussed Taherzadeh, 'Revelation', vol. 2 122. Instruction by Bab'u'llah regarding implementation see Lawh-i Mulla `Ali-Akbar dar bareh bayt al-`adl.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K32 K32]
pilgrimage. See [[Súriy-i-Hajj I]] and [[Súriy-i-Hajj II]].

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K35 K35]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in Star of the West vol XIV no. 4, July 1923, 112 and in The Baha'i World vol.1 42, vol.2 61-2, with stylistic variation.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K37 K37]
Gleanings CLXVI (CLXV in earlier editions). Analogue in Iqtidarat 142.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K38 K38]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K40 40]
Gleanings [[gwbs:071|LXXI]]

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K42 K42]
'endowments dedicated to charity': there is an earlier (differing) translation by the Universal House of Justice in relation to the question of the ending of the Guardianship, in Messages 1968-73, reprinted and discussed in Taherzadeh, 'Covenant' 390 and 439-40; discussed at [http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_aqdas_notes.html Wilmette Institute faculty notes] (item no. 1)

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K43 K43]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in Star of the West vol XIV no. 4, July 1923, 112; also in The Baha'i World vol.1 42, and finally vol.2 61-2. Remarkably, the 1992 authorized translation follows the earlier translations (with one change, and altered punctuation and capitalization).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K47 K47]
explanation by `Abdu'l-Baha in SAQ [[saq:171|171]]-4.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K48 K48]
(education). Earlier translation by Shoghi Effendi where this verse is cited in the 8th Ishraqat, in Bahai World vol.1 p 41 (1925-6). Translated by Shoghi Effendi in Star of the West vol XIV no. 4, July 1923, 112.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K52 K52]
'a third part of all fines'. Translated by Shoghi Effendi in Star of the West vol XIV no. 4, July 1923, 112. Mentioned Taherzadeh, 'Covenant' 402.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K53 K53]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K55 55]
Gleanings [[gwbs:072|LXXII]] .

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K53 K53]
'should differences arise', cited in GPB 371, but in an independent translation, the differences not affecting the sense.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K54 K54]
Discussed at [http://bahai-library.com/?file=wilmette_kitab_aqdas_notes.html Wilmette Institute faculty notes] (item no. 2)

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K58 K58]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K59 59]
Gleanings [[gwbs:072|LXXII]]

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K62 K62]
(arson and murder). [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K73 K73] modifies. Discussed Davidson, 'Transformation' ABS Australia 1996 18-19.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K63 K63]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in Unfolding Destiny [[ud:195|195]].

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K66 K66]
(dowry). Persian Bayan, 6:7.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K74 K74]
See [[ritual uncleanliness]].

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K75 K75]
GPB 152. See [[ritual uncleanliness]].

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K78 K78]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K84 84]
Gleanings CV ;[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K78 K78]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K79 79] = PDC 24 (identical).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K78 K78]
"O Kings"

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K79 K79]
wealth.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K80 K80]
Sinai and Carmel.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K81 K81]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K96 96] :
Kings, nations and lands

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K81 K81] -[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K83 83]
To the Kings: the Law, lordship, renounces earthly sovereinty. Summarized by Shoghi Effendi in GPB 204. Identical translation in PDC 85.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K83 K83]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K84 84]
is cited without variation in PDC 71-2.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K84 K84]
'the king who will arise'. Mentioned GPB 204, cited 390-1 in relation to Queen Marie (almost identical). Cited with one minor variation in PDC 25 ('is' in first sentence).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K85 K85]
'Emperor of Austria'. Translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 35-6 and PDC 56 (identical), mentioned GPB 206.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K86 K86]
'King of Berlin'. Translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 36 and PDC 56 (identical). Shoghi Effendi identifies 'the one whose power transcended thy power' as Napoleon III, GPB 206. Fate described GPB 224.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K87 K87]
'We have asked nothing'. Translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 26 and partially in PDC 57-8 (identical).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K88 K88]
'O Rulers of America'. Translated by Shoghi Effendi in Citadel of Faith 18-19; summarized with minor translation differences in GPB 205. GPB 206 treats [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K85 K85] , 86 and 90 also, but without significant differences. GPB 250 and [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K88 K88] cite, with one phrasing difference.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K89 K89]
'O People of Constantinople'. Translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 39, 60-1, 97. The texts are identical except that Shoghi Effendi has 'stablished' in all citations, where the 1992 Aqdas edition uses 'established'.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K90 K90]
'O banks of the Rhine!'. Translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 36, 56 (identical). Mention GPB 206.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K91 K91]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K93 93]
'Land of Ta'. Gleanings [[gwbs:056|LVI]] .[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K91 K91] is cited without variation in PDC 73.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K94 K94]
'Land of Kha'. Referred to, but with a slightly different reading of the Arabic, in GPB 213.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K95 K95]
'those who wield authority'. GPB 212 inteprets as 'strict obedience to one's government'.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K96 K96]
'Sprinkle upon the nations'.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K97 K97]
Huququllah. TahRB 4 248-56, citing an earlier translation from the compilation on the Huququllah, 10, with many minor changes and the significant variants 'be exposed' in place of 'meet with faithlessness himself' and 'Author of the Preserved tablet' in place of 'in whose possession is the Guarded Tablet'. Taherzadeh cites explanations of this verse from various tablets.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K98 K98]
on the composition of the Aqdas.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K99 K99]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K104 104] ,'O Leaders of Religion'. Gleanings [[gwbs:098|XCVIII]] . Extracts from [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K99 K99] -101 are cited without variation in PDC 80-81, and [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K103 K103] -104 without variation in PDC 81. Cited and discussed in Taherzadeh, vol. 3 162-7.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K99 K99]
Mentioned GPB 207, which identifies 'the Book of God' in this verse as the Kitab-i Aqdas itself. Mentioned TahRB 3 240; vol. 4 212.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K100 K100]
Imagery discussed Lambden 'Sinaitic mysteries' SBBR 5 144.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K102 K102]
Purpose of learning.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K103 K103]
Imagery discussed Lambden 'Sinaitic mysteries' SBBR 5 144

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K104 K104]
'we have not entered any school'.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K105 K105]
'whose interpreteth'. Translated by Shoghi Effendi where it is cited by Baha'u'llah in ESW 129-30.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K106 K106]
on [[hygiene|Hygiene]].

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K107 K107]
sexual morality. For the treatment of homosexuality see Kamran Hakim, 'commentary on [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K107 K107] ' online at bahai-library.com/ essays/aqdas.107.html

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K108 K108]
'to mutter sacred verses'.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K109 K109]
'to write a will'. Referred to by Taherzadeh, in 'Covenant' 378. Taherzadeh supposes that the law also relates to inheritance, without indicating a source in Baha'i law for this.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K110 K110]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K112 112]
the great festivals.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K113 K113]
physicians.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K114 K114]
abolishing a law.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K115 K115]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K116 116]
the [[Mashriqu'l-Adhkár]], [[recitation of the verses of God]].

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K118 K118]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in Star of the West vol XIV no. 4, July 1923, 113

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K120 K120]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in Star of the West vol XIV no. 4, July 1923, 113

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K121 K121]
appointment of `Abdu'l-Baha (see also [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K174 K174] ), translated by Shoghi Effendi in The World Order of Baha'u'llah 134. The person referred to is identified by Baha'u'llah as 'Abdu'l-Baha, see Kitab-i `Ahd. See also the Suriy-i Ghusn. For `Abdu'l-Baha's interpretation see Taherzadeh, 'Covenant' 219. Mentioned GPB 175, 236-7. For the significance of the appointment see Taherzadeh, 'Covenant' especially chapters 6 10 and 12. On these verses see ibid 141, 176.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K122 K122]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K125 25]
Gleanings [[gwbs:159|CLIX]] , and a previous translation of [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K125 K125] by Shoghi Effendi in The Baha'i World vol.2, 62.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K125 K125]
'liberty must ... lead to sedition', in The Bahai World vol.1 42; discussed by Schaefer in BSR 3:1 1993 47; Davidson in ABS Australia 1996 19-20. The topic of liberty is discussed by Ignaz Goldziher, 'Introduction to Islamic Theology and Law' 1981 251-2; who is refuted in Cole, 'Modernity' esp. pp 67--8.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K126 K126]
asking questions. Mentioned Taherzadeh, 'Revelation', vol. 1 301.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K144 K144]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in Star of the West vol. XIV no. 4, July 1923, 114.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K146 K146]
see [[Zakát]]

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K161 K161]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K163 163]
Gleanings [[gwbs:037|XXXVII]] .

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K164 K164]
Kaf and Ra. Identified as Kirman in GPB 213. Discussed Taherzadeh, 'Revelation' vol. 4 399-400.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K165 K165]
sections translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 81 (identical).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K166 K166]
part is translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 81 (identical).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K167 K167]
last sentence is translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 81.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K169 K169]
part is translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 81 (identical).

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K171 K171]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in PDC 81.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K173 K173]
translated by Shoghi Effendi in Star of the West vol. XIV no. 4, July 1923, 114.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K174 K174]
Appointment of `Abdu'l-Baha (see also [http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K121 K121] ). Translated by Shoghi Effendi in WOB [[wob:134|134]], mentioned GPB 175.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K181 K181]-[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K183 183]
Gleanings [[gwbs:070|LXX]]; see [[Unnamed (Tablet of Immortality)]].

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K181 K181]
'the world's equilibrium'. Cited with one variant in GPB 320. Discussed briefly TahRB4 138-9.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K184 K184]
'source of perversion'. Identified as Mirza Yahya in GPB 213. Cited in GPB 168, with one phrase derived from some other source.

[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/aqdas.html#K189 K189]
'members of parliament' (common script and language). Mentioned GPB 209, 213; with paraphrase of relevant tablets in TahRB4 159-60.

===Questions and Answers===

(in general):

"...the 'Questions and Answers'...form an appendix to the Aqdas..."

:((On behalf of?) Shoghi Effendi, Directives of the Guardian, pp. [[dg:28|28]])

Obligatory Prayers mentioned here are referred to in sec. 2. no. [http://bahai-library.com/?file=compilation_importance_obligatory_prayer.html#2IX 9]

Taherzadeh, 'Revelation' vol. 1 26.

*[[kaq:17|Q17]] - see [[lost property]]
*[http://www.bahai-library.com/writings/bahaullah/aqdas/questions.html#23 Q23] see Persian Bayan 5:19.
*[[kaq:96|Q96]] - see [[disposal of objects held in trust]]
*[[kaq:101|Q101]] - see [[treasure trove disposition]]
*[[kaq:107|Q107]] - see [[Zakát]]

===Supplementary Texts===
*[[Obligatory Prayer]]
**[[Obligatory Prayer (short)]]
**[[Obligatory Prayer (medium)]]
**[[Obligatory Prayer (long)]]

==Further Discussion==
* To discuss this work in a discussion board, please visit http://bahai-library.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?p=319#319
* To discuss this work in a wiki page, please visit [[InformalTalk:Kitáb-i-Aqdas]].
* To start your own timed, recurring, or ongoing chat or discussion about this work, please add reference to it at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/bahaichatsdiscuss/

Kitab-i-?Ahd

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#REDIRECT [[Kitáb-i-`Ahd]]

Kitab-i-Iqan

2004-10-27T05:24:01Z

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#REDIRECT [[Kitáb-i-Íqán]]

Kitab-i-Aqdas

2004-10-27T05:21:34Z

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#REDIRECT [[Kitáb-i-Aqdas]]

Kalímát-i-Maknúnih

2004-10-27T05:08:01Z

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#REDIRECT [[Hidden Words]]

Kalimat-i-Maknunih (Hidden Words)

2004-10-27T05:05:58Z

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#REDIRECT [[Hidden Words]]

Kalimat-i-Firdawsiyyih (Words of Paradise)

2004-10-27T05:04:51Z

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#REDIRECT [[Kalímát-i-Firdawsíyyih]]

Bahai9:Internet projects in general

2004-10-26T23:04:26Z

65.248.8.226:

There has been a good amount of unnecessary duplication of effort on the web.

By determining and defining collective goals in support of the present needs of the Faith according to the sacred Bahá'í Writings and messages of the Universal House of Justice, we may be enabled to channel our efforts more efficiently.

Following is a list of potential goals:

*Put any of the Writings of the Faith online if they are not yet available.
*Add structure to the documents to allow for searches, sorts, and retrieval
**Add page anchors

(add your own ideas here)

See [[Bahai9 wiki]] for goals specific to the development of the wiki pages here on site.

Bahai9:Internet projects in general

2004-10-26T23:04:02Z

65.248.8.226:

There has been a good amount of unnecessary duplication of effort on the web.

By determining and defining collective goals in support of the present needs of the Faith according to the sacred Bahá'í Writings and messages of the Universal House of Justice, we may be enabled to channel our efforts more efficiently.

Following is a list of potential goals:

*Put any of the Writings of the Faith online if they are not yet available.
*Add structure to the documents to allow for searches, sorts, and retrieval
**Add page anchors

(add your own ideas here)

See [[Baha'i9 wiki]] for goals specific to the development of the wiki pages here on site.

Bahai9:Internet projects in general

2004-10-26T23:03:11Z

65.248.8.226:

There has been a good amount of unnecessary duplication of effort on the web.

By determining and defining collective goals in support of the present needs of the Faith according to the sacred Bahá'í Writings and messages of the Universal House of Justice, we may be enabled to channel our efforts more efficiently.

Following is a list of potential goals:

*Put any of the Writings of the Faith online if they are not yet available.
*Add structure to the documents to allow for searches, sorts, and retrieval
**Add page anchors

(add your own ideas here)

See [[Bahá'í9 wiki]] for goals specific to the development of the wiki pages here on site.

Bahai9:Internet projects in general

2004-10-26T23:02:43Z

65.248.8.226:

There has been a good amount of unnecessary duplication of effort on the web.

By determining and defining collective goals in support of the present needs of the Faith according to the sacred Bahá'í Writings and messages of the Universal House of Justice, we may be enabled to channel our efforts more efficiently.

Following is a list of potential goals:

*Put any of the Writings of the Faith online if they are not yet available.
*Add structure to the documents to allow for searches, sorts, and retrieval
**Add page anchors

(add your own ideas here)

See [[Bahá'9 wiki]] for goals specific to the development of the wiki pages here on site.

Bahai9:Interesting questions

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65.248.8.226:

This page can include questions (and answers) pertaining to the Bahá'í Faith which our users find interesting or not well-known:

* question 1
** answer 1
* question 2
** answer 2
* etc.

See [[questions]] for other types of questions (including ones for which people are looking for answers).

Intercession

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65.248.8.226:

"The wealth of the other world is nearness to God. Consequently, it is certain that those who are near the Divine Court are allowed to intercede, and this intercession is approved by God."

:([['Abdu'l-Bahá]], ''[[Some Answered Questions]]'', Chapter [[saqc:62|62]], p. [[saq:231|231]])

"For such as might undertake, in the days to come, the meritorious and highly enviable pilgrimage to these blessed shrines {of the Greatest Holy Leaf and her brother and mother}, as well as for the benefit of the less privileged who, aware of the greatness of their virtue and the pre-eminence of their lineage, desire to commune with their spirits, and to strive to acquire an added insight into the glory of their position, and to follow in their footsteps, let these testimonies written by Bahá'u'lláh and `Abdu'l-Bahá be their inspiration and guidance in their noble quest:..."

:([[Shoghi Effendi]], ''[[Messages to America]]'', p. [[ma:33|33]])

"Someone present asked how it was that in prayer and meditation the heart often turns with instinctive appeal to some friend who has passed into the next life.

"'Abdu'l-Bahá answered: "It is a law of God's creation that the weak should lean upon the strong. Those to whom you turn may be the mediators of God's power to you, even as when on earth. But it is the One Holy Spirit that strengthens all men." Hereupon another friend referred to the communing of Jesus on the Mount of Transfiguration with Moses and Elijah; and 'Abdu'l-Bahá said: "The faithful are ever sustained by the presence of the Supreme Concourse. In the Supreme Concourse are Jesus, and Moses, and Elijah, and Bahá'u'lláh, and other supreme Souls: there, also, are the martyrs.""

:(Attributed to 'Abdu'l-Bahá, [[`Abdu'l-Bahá in London]], p. [[abl:97|97]]; also cited in part in ''[[Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era]]'', p. [[bne:195|195]])

"Intercourse with spirits of the departed ought not to be sought for its own sake, nor in order to gratify idle curiosity. It is both a privilege and duty, however, for those on one side of the veil to love and help and pray for those on the other. Prayers for the dead are enjoined on Bahá'ís. `Abdu'l-Bahá said to Miss E. J. Rosenberg in 1904: "The grace of effective intercession is one of the perfections belonging to advanced souls, as well as to the Manifestation of God. Jesus Christ had the power of interceding for the forgiveness of His enemies when on earth, and He certainly has this power now. `Abdu'l-Bahá never mentions the name of a dead person without saying `May God forgive him!' or words to that effect. Followers of the prophets have also this power of praying for the forgiveness of souls. Therefore we may not think that any souls are condemned to a stationary condition of suffering or loss arising from absolute ignorance of God. The power of effective intercession for them always exists. ...

"The rich in the other world can help the poor, as the rich can help the poor here. In every world all are the creatures of God. They are always dependent on Him. They are not independent and can never be so. While they are needful of God, the more they supplicate, the richer they become. What is their merchandise, their wealth? In the other world what is help and assistance? It is intercession. Undeveloped souls must gain progress at first through the supplications of the spiritually rich; afterwards they can progress through their own supplications."

"Again He says: -- "Those who have ascended have different attributes from those who are still on earth, yet there is no real separation.

""In prayer there is a mingling of station, a mingling of condition. Pray for them as they pray for you!" -- `Abdu'l-Bahá in London, p. 97 {Ed. - see p. [[abl:96|96]] instead}.

"Asked whether it was possible through faith and love to bring the New Revelation to the knowledge of those who have departed from this life without hearing of it, `Abdu'l-Bahá replied: -- "Yes, surely! since sincere prayer always has its effect, and it has a great influence in the other world. We are never cut off from those who are there. The real and genuine influence is not in this world but in that other." -- Notes of Mary Hanford Ford: Paris, 1911.

"On the other hand, Bahá'u'lláh writes: --

:"He who lives according to what is ordained for him -- the Celestial Concourse, and the people of the Supreme Paradise, and those who are dwelling in the Dome of Greatness will pray for him, by a Command from God, the Dearest and the praiseworthy. (Tablet translated by `Alí Kuli Khán).

:([[J.E. Esslemont]], ''[[Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era]]'', pp. [[bne:194|194]]-[[bne:195|195]])

Institutions

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==Types of Institutions==

*[[family]]
*[[government]]
*[[Assembly]]
*[[Mashriqu'l-Adhkár]]
*[[Hazíratu'l-Quds]]
*[[teaching institute]]
*[[training institute]]

==Specific Instances of Institutions==

*[[Mother Temple of the West]]
* etc.

Inheritance

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==Notes/Discussion==
* http://bahai-library.com/?file=mcglinn_inheritance_aqdas_conference.html

==Laws of Inheritance during Bahá'í Dispensation==

See ''[[Kitáb-i-Aqdas]]'', par. [[kap:20|20-29]] and notes.

http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/dg/sec-105.html

See [[son]] on the special rights of the eldest son.

==Laws of Inheritance during Islámic Dispensation==

"GOD hath thus commanded you concerning your children. A male shall have as much as the share of two females: but if they be females only, and above two in number, they shall have two third parts of what the deceased shall leave; and if there be but one, she shall have the half. And the parents of the deceased shall have each of them a sixth part of what he shall leave, if he have a child; but if he have no child, and his parents be his heirs, then his mother shall have the third part. And if he have brethren, his mother shall have a sixth part, after the legacies which he shall bequeath, and his debts be paid. Ye know not whether your parents or your children be of greater use unto you. This is an ordinance from GOD, and GOD is knowing and wise.

"They also shall have the fourth part of what ye shall leave, in case ye have no issue; but if ye have issue, then they shall have the eighth part of what ye shall leave, after the legacies which ye shall bequeath, and your debts be paid.

"And if a man or woman's substance be inherited by a distant relation, and he or she have a brother or sister; each of them two shall have a sixth part of the estate. But if there be more than this number, they shall be equal sharers in a third part, after payment of the legacies which shall be bequeathed, and the debts,

"without prejudice to the heirs. This is an ordinance from GOD: and GOD is knowing and gracious.

"These are the statutes of GOD. And whoso obeyeth GOD and his apostle, God shall lead him into gardens wherein rivers flow, they shall continue therein forever; and this shall be great happiness.

"But whoso disobeyeth GOD, and his apostle, and transgresseth his statutes, God shall cast him into hell fire; he shall remain therein forever, and he shall suffer a shameful punishment."

:([[Qur'án]], 4:[http://bahai-library.com/writings/quran/4.html#Paragraph%2011 11-14] (4:12-18 in Rodwell)

"They ask thee for a legal decision. Say: God directs (thus) about those who leave no descendants or ascendants as heirs. If it is a man that dies, leaving a sister but no child, she shall have half the inheritance: If (such a deceased was) a woman, who left no child, Her brother takes her inheritance: If there are two sisters, they shall have two-thirds of the inheritance (between them): if there are brothers and sisters, (they share), the male having twice the share of the female. Thus doth God make clear to you (His law), lest ye err. And God hath knowledge of all things."

:([[Qur'án]], 4:[http://bahai-library.com/writings/quran/4.html#Paragraph%20176 176])

===Summary of law of inheritance in Islámic Dispensation===

====Outline of Qur'ánic Quotation #2====

(The following is a tentative outline; please verify its accuracy by referring to the first quotation above)

# A male shall have twice as much as females (when there are both to inherit)
# If there are only females:
## If there are above two females, they will inherit 2/3.
## If there is only one female, she inherits 1/2
# If a man has a child, his parents to inherit 1/6
# If a man has no children, and his parents are his heirs (?), his mother shall inherit 1/3.
# If a man has brethren (and no children?), his mother will inherit 1/6 after his legacies and debts.
# If a man has no children, parents will inherit 1/4
# If a man has children, parents will inherit 1/8 after his legacies and debts.
# If a man or woman's substance is to be inherited by a distant relation:
## If there is one brother or one sister, each will have 1/6.
## If there are more than one sibling, each will share 1/3 after legacies and debts

====Outline of Qur'ánic Quotation #2====

# If a man dies with no child:
** Any sisters will receive half of the inheritance
# If a woman dies with no child:
** If there is a (single) brother, he will take the inheritance
** If there are two sisters, they shall have 2/3 of the inheritance divided between them
** If there are brothers and sisters, the male shall have twice the share of the female (of the entire amount?)

Individuals

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==Specific People by Time==
*[[Specific People by date of birth, date of death, or time period]]

==Specific People by Choice/Effort==
*[[Specific People by belief]]
*[[Specific People by lifestyle (in certain cases with a possibly biological role)]]
*[[Specific People by studies]]
*[[Specific People by occupation]]
*[[Specific People by achievements]]
*[[Specific People by prizes, medals, and awards]]

==Specific People by Circumstance==
*[[Specific People by associated physical condition or characteristic]]
*[[Specific People by circumstance]]
*[[Specific People by nationality, ethnicity, location, etc]]
*[[Specific People presently in positions of prominence]] (may correlate also with choice/effort)

==Individual Prophets of God, and Inspired guiding souls==

See [[Prophets]].

==Holy/important followers in the Bahá'í Faith==
(see also ''[[Memorials of the Faithful]]'' and pp. 23-31 of a [http://bahai-education.org/materials/badasht/Little%20Badasht%20Materials.pdf Character Index] (the latter is a PDF file)

===[[Letters of the Living]]===
*[[Quddús]]
*[[Mullá Husayn]]
*[[Táhirih]]

===[[Hands of the Cause of God]]===
* (See its page for a detailed listing)

===[[Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh]]===
* ?

==Chief external enemies of the Faith==

===During the Bábí Dispensation===
*[[Hájí Mírzá Áqásí]]

===During the Báhá'í Dispensation===

*[[Sultán 'Abdu'l-'Azíz]]

==Other important protagonists outside of the Faith==
*[[Sherif of Mecca]]

==Chief internal enemies of the Faith==

===During the Bábí Dispensation===

*[[Hájí Mírzá Karím Khán]]

===During the Báhá'í Dispensation===

*[[Mírzá Yahyá]]

==For prior Faiths==

===Apostles of Christ===
*[[Peter]]
*[[Mary Magdalene]]
*[[Paul]]

==See also==
* For the publicly editable wiki article, see [[WikiPedia:List of Bahá'ís]].
* [[WikiPedia:Category:Baha'i Individuals]]

Individuals

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==Specific People by Time==
*[[Specific People by date of birth, date of death, or time period]]

==Specific People by Choice/Effort==
*[[Specific People by belief]]
*[[Specific People by lifestyle (in certain cases with a possibly biological role)]]
*[[Specific People by studies]]
*[[Specific People by occupation]]
*[[Specific People by achievements]]
*[[Specific People by prizes, medals, and awards]]

==Specific People by Circumstance==
*[[Specific People by associated physical condition or characteristic]]
*[[Specific People by circumstance]]
*[[Specific People by nationality, ethnicity, location, etc]]
*[[Specific People presently in positions of prominence]] (may correlate also with choice/effort)

==Individual Prophets of God, and Inspired guiding souls==

See [Prophets].

==Holy/important followers in the Bahá'í Faith==
(see also ''[[Memorials of the Faithful]]'' and pp. 23-31 of a [http://bahai-education.org/materials/badasht/Little%20Badasht%20Materials.pdf Character Index] (the latter is a PDF file)

===[[Letters of the Living]]===
*[[Quddús]]
*[[Mullá Husayn]]
*[[Táhirih]]

===[[Hands of the Cause of God]]===
* (See its page for a detailed listing)

===[[Apostles_of_Bahá'u'lláh]]===
* ?

==Chief external enemies of the Faith==

===During the Bábí Dispensation===
*[[Hájí Mírzá Áqásí]]

===During the Báhá'í Dispensation===

*[[Sultán 'Abdu'l-'Azíz]]

==Other important protagonists outside of the Faith:
*[[Sherif of Mecca]]

==Chief internal enemies of the Faith==

===During the Bábí Dispensation===

*[[Hájí Mírzá Karím Khán]]

===During the Báhá'í Dispensation===

*[[Mírzá Yahyá]]

==For prior Faiths==

===Apostles of Christ===
*[[Peter]]
*[[Mary Magdalene]]
*[[Paul]]

==See also==
* For the publicly editable wiki article, see [[WikiPedia:List of Bahá'ís]].
* [[WikiPedia:Category:Baha'i Individuals]]

Individual

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==People by Time==
*[[People by date of birth, date of death, or time period]]

==People by Choice/Effort==
*[[People by belief]]
*[[People by lifestyle (in certain cases with a possibly biological role)]]
*[[People by studies]]
*[[People by occupation]]
*[[People by achievements]]
*[[People by prizes, medals, and awards]]

==People by Circumstance (general discussion)==
*[[People by associated physical condition or characteristic]]
*[[People by circumstance]]
*[[People by nationality, ethnicity, location, etc]]
*[[People presently in positions of prominence]] (may correlate also with choice/effort)
*[[People by wealth]]

==Other==

The rest of this page should concern the importance of the individual (in general) in the Bahá'í Writings (e.g., in taking initiative).

==See also==

* [[individuals]] for specific individuals.
* [[WikiPedia:Category:Baha'i Individuals]]

Individual

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65.248.8.226: /* See also */

Hands of the Cause of God

2004-10-26T22:36:01Z

65.248.8.226: /* Rúhíyyih Khanúm */

==Description==

The Hands of the Cause of God ("Hands of the Cause" or simply "Hands") are individuals specially appointed by [[Bahá'u'lláh]], [['Abdu'l-Bahá]], or [[Shoghi Effendi]] for the purpose of protection and propagation of the Bahá'í Faith. In his [[Will and Testament]] (par. [http://bahai-library.com/?file=abdulbaha_will_testament.html#1par21 21]), 'Abdu'l-Bahá specifies that only the Guardian has the authority to appoint Hands of the Cause. Because the [[Guardianship]] stands without a living Guardian following the passing of Shoghi Effendi, and [[The Universal House of Justice]] has no textual authority to appoint Hands of the Cause, it is no longer possible for individuals to be designated as Hands.

==Synopsis of appointment history (see listing below)==

During His lifetime, Bahá'u'lláh appointed four individuals to the rank of Hand of the Cause. 'Abdu'l-Bahá did not appoint any living Hands of the Cause, but instead posthumously elevated four more individuals to the same rank, on account of their exemplary service to the Faith. Shoghi Effendi continued this tradition and also posthumously named 10 believers as Hands of the Cause. It was not until 24 December 1951 that 12 individuals were named to be the first contingent of living Hands of the Cause since the time of Bahá'u'lláh. A few short months later, on 29 February 1952, the number of Hands was raised to 19. For the next 5 and a half years, the Guardian kept the number of Hands of the Cause constant at 19, making several individual appointments to fill vacancies whenever one of the Hands passed away. Finally, in the last month of his life, during October 1957, the Guardian appointed a third contingent of Hands of the Cause, raising the total number to 27.

==Appointed Hands==

Bahá'u'lláh gave Baha'i some individuals special titles. For such individuals, the title is given first followed by the individual's given name in parenthesis.

===Bahá'u'lláh===
*[[Ibn-i-Abhar]] (Mirza Muhammad-Taqi)
*[[Ibn-i-Asdaq]] (Mirzá 'Alí-Muhammad)
*[[Hájí Akhund]] (Hájí Mullá 'Alí-Akbar-Shahmirzádi)
*[[Hájí Mirzá Hasan-i-Adib]]

==='Abdu'l-Bahá===

All of Abdul-Baha's appointments were made posthumously.
*[[Ismu'lláhu'l-Asdaq]] (Mullá Sádiq-i-Muqaddas-i-Khurasání)
*[[Nabil-i-Akbar]] (Aqá Muhammad-i-Qá'iní)
*[[Shaykh Muhammad-Ridáy-i-Yazdí]]
*[[Varqá]] (Mirzá 'Alí-Muhammad)

===Shoghi Effendi===

====Posthumous appointments====
*[[John Ebenezer Esslemont]]
*[[Hájí-Amin]] (Abu'l-Hasan-Ardikání)
*[[Keith Ransom-Kehler]]
*[[Martha Louise Root]]
*[['Abdu'l-Jalíl Bey Sa'ad]]
*[[Siyyid Mustafa Rumi]]
*[[Muhammad Taqíy-i-Isfahání]]
*[[Louis G. Gregory]]
*[[Roy C. Wilhelm]]
*[[John Henry Hyde Dunn]]

====Living apointments====

=====Contingent appointments - 24 December 1951=====
([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-15.html Letter] of appointment):
*[[Dorothy Beecher Baker]]
*[[Amelia Engelder Collins]]
*[['Alí-Akbar Furútan]]
*[[Ugo Giachery]]
*[[Hermann Grossman]]
*[[Horace Hotchkiss Holley]]
*[[Leroy C. Ioas]]
*[[W. Sutherland Maxwell|William Sutherland Maxwell]]
*[[Charles Mason Remey]]
*[[Tarázu'lláh Samandarí]]
*[[George Townshend]]
*[[Jináb-i-Valiyu'lláh Varqá]]

=====Contingent appointments - 29 February 1952=====

([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-16.html Letter] of appointment):
*[[Shu'á'u'lláh Alá'í]]
*[[Músá Banání]]
*[[Clara Dunn]]
*[[Zikrullah Khadem]]
*[[Adelbert Muhlschlegel]]
*[[Siegfried Schopflocher]]
*[[Corinne Knight True]]

=====Individual appointments (1952-1957)=====

*'Amatu'l-Bahá [[Rúhíyyih Khánum]] Rabbání (Mary Sutherland Maxwell) ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-64.html Letter] of appointment)
*[[Jalal Khazeh]] ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-35.html Letter] of appointment)
*[[Paul E. Haney]] ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-37.html Letter] of appointment)
*[['Alí-Muhammad Varqá]] ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-52.html Letter] of appointment)
*[[Agnes Baldwin Alexander]] ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-82.html Letter] of appointment)

=====Contingent appointments - October 1957=====
([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-59.html Letter] of appointment):
*[[Hasan Muvaqqar Balyúzí]]
*[[Abu'l-Qásim Faizi]]
*[[Harold Collins Featherstone]]
*[[John G. Ferraby]]
*[[Rahmatu'lláh Muhájir]]
*[[Enoch Olinga]]
*[[John Aldham Robarts]]
*[[William Sears]]

A total of 50 individuals have been appointed or posthumously designated as Hands of the Cause of God. As of this writing on April 30, 2004, only [['Alí-Muhammad Varqá]] is still living.

==Stewardship of the Custodians (1957-1963)==

When Shoghi Effendi passed away in 1957, he named no direct successor, and Baha'is were unsure of to whom they should turn for leadership. In his writings, Shoghi Effendi called the Hands the "Chief Stewards of Baha'u'llah's embryonic World Commonwealth." ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-59.html citation]) By that statement, the Hands elected nine of their own membership (referred to as the "Custodians") to take responsibility for the completion of the Guardian's Ten Year Crusade (begun in 1953) and facilitated the election of the Universal House of Justice at the Crusade's end in 1963. This period from 1957 to 1963 became known as the Interregnum.

==Writings as a Group==

*[[Writings Custodians]]

==Writings as Individuals==

===[[Martha Root]]===

[[Táhirih (book)]]

===[[Rúhíyyih Khánum]]===

[[Priceless Pearl]]

==Todos:==

'''The remaining Hands should have their letter of appointments added, and the paragraphs should be converted into bolded quotations or at least include references for each point made.'''

Hands of the Cause of God

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==Description==

The Hands of the Cause of God ("Hands of the Cause" or simply "Hands") are individuals specially appointed by [[Bahá'u'lláh]], [['Abdu'l-Bahá]], or [[Shoghi Effendi]] for the purpose of protection and propagation of the Bahá'í Faith. In his [[Will and Testament]] (par. [http://bahai-library.com/?file=abdulbaha_will_testament.html#1par21 21]), 'Abdu'l-Bahá specifies that only the Guardian has the authority to appoint Hands of the Cause. Because the [[Guardianship]] stands without a living Guardian following the passing of Shoghi Effendi, and [[The Universal House of Justice]] has no textual authority to appoint Hands of the Cause, it is no longer possible for individuals to be designated as Hands.

==Synopsis of appointment history (see listing below)==

During His lifetime, Bahá'u'lláh appointed four individuals to the rank of Hand of the Cause. 'Abdu'l-Bahá did not appoint any living Hands of the Cause, but instead posthumously elevated four more individuals to the same rank, on account of their exemplary service to the Faith. Shoghi Effendi continued this tradition and also posthumously named 10 believers as Hands of the Cause. It was not until 24 December 1951 that 12 individuals were named to be the first contingent of living Hands of the Cause since the time of Bahá'u'lláh. A few short months later, on 29 February 1952, the number of Hands was raised to 19. For the next 5 and a half years, the Guardian kept the number of Hands of the Cause constant at 19, making several individual appointments to fill vacancies whenever one of the Hands passed away. Finally, in the last month of his life, during October 1957, the Guardian appointed a third contingent of Hands of the Cause, raising the total number to 27.

==Appointed Hands==

Bahá'u'lláh gave Baha'i some individuals special titles. For such individuals, the title is given first followed by the individual's given name in parenthesis.

===Bahá'u'lláh===
*[[Ibn-i-Abhar]] (Mirza Muhammad-Taqi)
*[[Ibn-i-Asdaq]] (Mirzá 'Alí-Muhammad)
*[[Hájí Akhund]] (Hájí Mullá 'Alí-Akbar-Shahmirzádi)
*[[Hájí Mirzá Hasan-i-Adib]]

==='Abdu'l-Bahá===

All of Abdul-Baha's appointments were made posthumously.
*[[Ismu'lláhu'l-Asdaq]] (Mullá Sádiq-i-Muqaddas-i-Khurasání)
*[[Nabil-i-Akbar]] (Aqá Muhammad-i-Qá'iní)
*[[Shaykh Muhammad-Ridáy-i-Yazdí]]
*[[Varqá]] (Mirzá 'Alí-Muhammad)

===Shoghi Effendi===

====Posthumous appointments====
*[[John Ebenezer Esslemont]]
*[[Hájí-Amin]] (Abu'l-Hasan-Ardikání)
*[[Keith Ransom-Kehler]]
*[[Martha Louise Root]]
*[['Abdu'l-Jalíl Bey Sa'ad]]
*[[Siyyid Mustafa Rumi]]
*[[Muhammad Taqíy-i-Isfahání]]
*[[Louis G. Gregory]]
*[[Roy C. Wilhelm]]
*[[John Henry Hyde Dunn]]

====Living apointments====

=====Contingent appointments - 24 December 1951=====
([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-15.html Letter] of appointment):
*[[Dorothy Beecher Baker]]
*[[Amelia Engelder Collins]]
*[['Alí-Akbar Furútan]]
*[[Ugo Giachery]]
*[[Hermann Grossman]]
*[[Horace Hotchkiss Holley]]
*[[Leroy C. Ioas]]
*[[W. Sutherland Maxwell|William Sutherland Maxwell]]
*[[Charles Mason Remey]]
*[[Tarázu'lláh Samandarí]]
*[[George Townshend]]
*[[Jináb-i-Valiyu'lláh Varqá]]

=====Contingent appointments - 29 February 1952=====

([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-16.html Letter] of appointment):
*[[Shu'á'u'lláh Alá'í]]
*[[Músá Banání]]
*[[Clara Dunn]]
*[[Zikrullah Khadem]]
*[[Adelbert Muhlschlegel]]
*[[Siegfried Schopflocher]]
*[[Corinne Knight True]]

=====Individual appointments (1952-1957)=====

*'Amatu'l-Bahá [[Rúhíyyih Khánum]] Rabbání (Mary Sutherland Maxwell) ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-64.html Letter] of appointment)
*[[Jalal Khazeh]] ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-35.html Letter] of appointment)
*[[Paul E. Haney]] ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-37.html Letter] of appointment)
*[['Alí-Muhammad Varqá]] ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-52.html Letter] of appointment)
*[[Agnes Baldwin Alexander]] ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-82.html Letter] of appointment)

=====Contingent appointments - October 1957=====
([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-59.html Letter] of appointment):
*[[Hasan Muvaqqar Balyúzí]]
*[[Abu'l-Qásim Faizi]]
*[[Harold Collins Featherstone]]
*[[John G. Ferraby]]
*[[Rahmatu'lláh Muhájir]]
*[[Enoch Olinga]]
*[[John Aldham Robarts]]
*[[William Sears]]

A total of 50 individuals have been appointed or posthumously designated as Hands of the Cause of God. As of this writing on April 30, 2004, only [['Alí-Muhammad Varqá]] is still living.

==Stewardship of the Custodians (1957-1963)==

When Shoghi Effendi passed away in 1957, he named no direct successor, and Baha'is were unsure of to whom they should turn for leadership. In his writings, Shoghi Effendi called the Hands the "Chief Stewards of Baha'u'llah's embryonic World Commonwealth." ([http://bahai-library.com/writings/shoghieffendi/mbw/sec-59.html citation]) By that statement, the Hands elected nine of their own membership (referred to as the "Custodians") to take responsibility for the completion of the Guardian's Ten Year Crusade (begun in 1953) and facilitated the election of the Universal House of Justice at the Crusade's end in 1963. This period from 1957 to 1963 became known as the Interregnum.

==Writings as a Group==

*[[Writings Custodians]]

==Writings as Individuals==

===[[Martha Root]]===

[[Táhirih (book)]]

===[[Rúhíyyih Khanúm]]===

[[Priceless Pearl]]

==Todos:==

'''The remaining Hands should have their letter of appointments added, and the paragraphs should be converted into bolded quotations or at least include references for each point made.'''

Hand of the Cause of God

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#REDIRECT [[Hands of the Cause of God]]

Rúhíyyih Khánum

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A [[Hand of the Cause of God]] and the wife of [[Shoghi Effendi]]

==See also==

[[Wikipedia:Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khanum]]

Individual

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Joy from religion

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==Purpose of religion to bring joy to others==

"Your utmost desire must be to confer happiness upon each other."

:([['Abdu'l-Bahá]], ''[[Promulgation of Universal Peace]]'', p. [[pup:215|215]])

==Purpose of religion to bring joy to ourselves==

"In serving a Cause for which your mother sacrificed so much you will no doubt come to find the very purpose of your life, and the true secret of happiness in this, as well as in the next world."

:([[Shoghi Effendi]], ''[[Arohanui]]'': Letters to New Zealand, p. [[aro:42|42]])

==Being a source of joy to others brings unprecedented joy to ourselves==

“there is no greater satisfaction than being a source of joy to the hearts.”

:([['Abdu'l-Bahá]], ''[[Tablets of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá]]'', vol. 1, p. [[tab1:23|23]])

==See also==

[[joy]] and [[religion]].

Joy from religion

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Joy from religion

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==Purpose of religion to bring joy to others==

"Your utmost desire must be to confer happiness upon each other."

:([['Abdu'l-Bahá]], ''[[Promulgation of Universal Peace]]'', p. [[pup:215|215]])

==Purpose of religion to bring joy to ourselves==

"In serving a Cause for which your mother sacrificed so much you will no doubt come to find the very purpose of your life, and the true secret of happiness in this, as well as in the next world."

:([[Shoghi Effendi]], ''[[Arohanui]]'': Letters to New Zealand, p. [[aro:42|42]])

==Being a source of joy to others brings unprecedented joy to ourselves==

“there is no greater satisfaction than being a source of joy to the hearts.”

([['Abdu'l-Bahá]], ''[[Tablets of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá]]'', vol. 1, p. [[tab1:23|23]])

See also [[joy]] and [[religion]].

Justice

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"The best beloved of all things in My sight is Justice; turn not away therefrom if thou desirest Me, and neglect it not that I may confide in thee. By its aid thou shalt see with thine own eyes and not through the eyes of others, and shalt know of thine own knowledge and not through the knowledge of thy neighbor. Ponder this in thy heart; how it behooveth thee to be. Verily justice is My gift to thee and the sign of My loving-kindness. Set it then before thine eyes."

:([[Bahá'u'lláh]], ''[[Hidden Words]]'', Arabic, no. [[hwa:2|2]])

"Justice is the one power that can translate the dawning consciousness of humanity's oneness into a collective will through which the necessary structures of global community life can be confidently erected."

:([[Bahá'í International Community]] Office of Public Information, ''[[Prosperity of Humankind]]'', par. [http://bahai-library.com/published.uhj/prosperity.humankind.html#18 18])

"The purpose of justice is the appearance of unity among men."

:([[Bahá'u'lláh]], quoted in, ''[[Prosperity of Humankind]]'', par. [http://bahai-library.com/published.uhj/prosperity.humankind.html#28 28])

"At the individual level, justice is that faculty of the human soul that enables each person to distinguish truth from falsehood."

"At the group level, a concern for justice is the indispensable compass in collective decision making, because it is the only means by which unity of thought and action can be achieved. Far from encouraging the punitive spirit that has often masqueraded under its name in past ages, justice is the practical expression of awareness that, in the achievement of human progress, the interests of the individual and those of society are inextricably linked. To the extent that justice becomes a guiding concern of human interaction, a [[consultation|consultative]] climate is encouraged that permits options to be examined dispassionately and appropriate courses of action selected. In such a climate the perennial tendencies toward manipulation and partisanship are far less likely to deflect the decision-making process."

:([[Bahá'í International Community]] Office of Public Information, ''[[Prosperity of Humankind]]'', par. [http://bahai-library.com/published.uhj/prosperity.humankind.html#19 19]-20)

==Todos for this page==

Add descriptive headings above and categorize...