Covenant-breaking - excommunication

Documents authorizing

• Will and Testament of 'Abdu'l-Bahá

Expulsion of Covenant-Breakers

"The authority of expulsion and reinstatement will be exercised by the Hands of the Cause of God, subject in each instance to the approval of the Universal House of Justice."

(From a letter of the Universal House of Justice to the Continental Board of Counsellors, June 24, 1968, in Lights of Guidance, no. 621)

Ex-Communication

"Ex-communication is a spiritual thing.... Only actual enemies of the Cause are ex-communicated."

(From a letter written on behalf of the Guardian to the National Spiritual Assembly of India, May 8, 1948, in Lights of Guidance, no. 607)

See also

• Loss of administrative rights (contrasted with ex-communication)

See also

• Covenant-breaking - role of institutions